In the Northern Qi dynasty of northern China during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, low-fired lead glazed wares were made. While there were several color such as green, yellow and brown depending on the coloring agents, there was whitish wares made by removing as much impurities as possible from the glaze without adding any coloring agents. This work seems to have aimed for such white color.

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*Selected Masterpices from the Tresures of Tokiwayama Bunko Foundation, commemorating the 80th Anniversary of Tokiwayama Bunko Foundation, Tokiwayama Bunko Foundation, 2023 (see commentary by Keiko Mikasa)